package com.bitshift.parsing.utils;

//This class contains implementations of methods to
//   -- pack an integer into 4 consecutive bytes of a byte array
//   -- unpack an integer from 4 consecutive bytes of a byte array
//   -- exhaustively test the pack and unpack methods.
//
// This file should be saved as PackableMemory.java.  Once it has been
//  compiled, the tester can be invoked by typing "java PackableMemory"

public class PackableMemory {
   int size;
   public byte mem[] = null;

   public PackableMemory(int size)
   {
      this.size = size;
      this.mem = new byte[size];
   }

   // Pack the 4-byte integer val into the four bytes mem[loc]...mem[loc+3].
   // The most significant porion of the integer is stored in mem[loc].
   // Bytes are masked out of the integer and stored in the array, working
   // from right(least significant) to left (most significant).
   public void pack(int val, int loc)
   {
      final int MASK = 0xff;
      for (int i = 3; i >= 0; i--)
      {
         mem[loc+i] = (byte)(val & MASK);
         val = val >> 8;
      }
   }

   // Unpack the four bytes mem[loc]...mem[loc+3] into a 4-byte integer,
   //  and return the resulting integer value.
   // The most significant porion of the integer is stored in mem[loc].
   // Bytes are 'OR'ed into the integer, working from left (most significant)
   //  to right (least significant)
   public int unpack(int loc)
   {
      final int MASK = 0xff;
      int v = (int)mem[loc] & MASK;
      for (int i = 1; i < 4; i++)
      {
         v = v << 8;
         v = v | ((int)mem[loc+i] & MASK);
      }
      return v;
   }



   // Test the above pack and unpack methods by iterating the following
   //  over all possible 4-byte integers: pack the integer,
   //  then unpack it, and then verify that the unpacked integer equals the
   //  original integer.  It tests all nonnegative numbers in ascending order
   //  and then all negative numbers in ascending order.  The transition from
   //  positive to negative numbers happens implicitly due to integer overflow.
   public void packTest()
   {

      int i = 0;
      long k = 0;
      do
      {
         this.pack(i,4);
         int j = this.unpack(4);
         if (j != i)
         {
            System.out.printf("pack/unpack test failed: i = %d, j = %d\n",i,j);
            System.exit(0);
         }
         i++; k++;
      }
      while (i != 0);
      System.out.printf("pack/unpack test successful, %d iterations\n",k);
   }

   // main routine to test the PackableMemory class by running the
   //  packTest() method.
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      PackableMemory pm = new PackableMemory(100);
      pm.packTest();
      System.exit(0);
   }
}