A Python parser for MediaWiki wikicode https://mwparserfromhell.readthedocs.io/
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README.rst 6.7 KiB

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  1. mwparserfromhell
  2. ================
  3. .. image:: https://img.shields.io/travis/earwig/mwparserfromhell/develop.svg
  4. :alt: Build Status
  5. :target: http://travis-ci.org/earwig/mwparserfromhell
  6. .. image:: https://img.shields.io/coveralls/earwig/mwparserfromhell/develop.svg
  7. :alt: Coverage Status
  8. :target: https://coveralls.io/r/earwig/mwparserfromhell
  9. **mwparserfromhell** (the *MediaWiki Parser from Hell*) is a Python package
  10. that provides an easy-to-use and outrageously powerful parser for MediaWiki_
  11. wikicode. It supports Python 2 and Python 3.
  12. Developed by Earwig_ with contributions from `Σ`_, Legoktm_, and others.
  13. Full documentation is available on ReadTheDocs_. Development occurs on GitHub_.
  14. Installation
  15. ------------
  16. The easiest way to install the parser is through the `Python Package Index`_;
  17. you can install the latest release with ``pip install mwparserfromhell``
  18. (`get pip`_). Make sure your pip is up-to-date first, especially on Windows.
  19. Alternatively, get the latest development version::
  20. git clone https://github.com/earwig/mwparserfromhell.git
  21. cd mwparserfromhell
  22. python setup.py install
  23. You can run the comprehensive unit testing suite with
  24. ``python setup.py test -q``.
  25. Usage
  26. -----
  27. Normal usage is rather straightforward (where ``text`` is page text)::
  28. >>> import mwparserfromhell
  29. >>> wikicode = mwparserfromhell.parse(text)
  30. ``wikicode`` is a ``mwparserfromhell.Wikicode`` object, which acts like an
  31. ordinary ``str`` object (or ``unicode`` in Python 2) with some extra methods.
  32. For example::
  33. >>> text = "I has a template! {{foo|bar|baz|eggs=spam}} See it?"
  34. >>> wikicode = mwparserfromhell.parse(text)
  35. >>> print(wikicode)
  36. I has a template! {{foo|bar|baz|eggs=spam}} See it?
  37. >>> templates = wikicode.filter_templates()
  38. >>> print(templates)
  39. ['{{foo|bar|baz|eggs=spam}}']
  40. >>> template = templates[0]
  41. >>> print(template.name)
  42. foo
  43. >>> print(template.params)
  44. ['bar', 'baz', 'eggs=spam']
  45. >>> print(template.get(1).value)
  46. bar
  47. >>> print(template.get("eggs").value)
  48. spam
  49. Since nodes can contain other nodes, getting nested templates is trivial::
  50. >>> text = "{{foo|{{bar}}={{baz|{{spam}}}}}}"
  51. >>> mwparserfromhell.parse(text).filter_templates()
  52. ['{{foo|{{bar}}={{baz|{{spam}}}}}}', '{{bar}}', '{{baz|{{spam}}}}', '{{spam}}']
  53. You can also pass ``recursive=False`` to ``filter_templates()`` and explore
  54. templates manually. This is possible because nodes can contain additional
  55. ``Wikicode`` objects::
  56. >>> code = mwparserfromhell.parse("{{foo|this {{includes a|template}}}}")
  57. >>> print(code.filter_templates(recursive=False))
  58. ['{{foo|this {{includes a|template}}}}']
  59. >>> foo = code.filter_templates(recursive=False)[0]
  60. >>> print(foo.get(1).value)
  61. this {{includes a|template}}
  62. >>> print(foo.get(1).value.filter_templates()[0])
  63. {{includes a|template}}
  64. >>> print(foo.get(1).value.filter_templates()[0].get(1).value)
  65. template
  66. Templates can be easily modified to add, remove, or alter params. ``Wikicode``
  67. objects can be treated like lists, with ``append()``, ``insert()``,
  68. ``remove()``, ``replace()``, and more. They also have a ``matches()`` method
  69. for comparing page or template names, which takes care of capitalization and
  70. whitespace::
  71. >>> text = "{{cleanup}} '''Foo''' is a [[bar]]. {{uncategorized}}"
  72. >>> code = mwparserfromhell.parse(text)
  73. >>> for template in code.filter_templates():
  74. ... if template.name.matches("Cleanup") and not template.has("date"):
  75. ... template.add("date", "July 2012")
  76. ...
  77. >>> print(code)
  78. {{cleanup|date=July 2012}} '''Foo''' is a [[bar]]. {{uncategorized}}
  79. >>> code.replace("{{uncategorized}}", "{{bar-stub}}")
  80. >>> print(code)
  81. {{cleanup|date=July 2012}} '''Foo''' is a [[bar]]. {{bar-stub}}
  82. >>> print(code.filter_templates())
  83. ['{{cleanup|date=July 2012}}', '{{bar-stub}}']
  84. You can then convert ``code`` back into a regular ``str`` object (for
  85. saving the page!) by calling ``str()`` on it::
  86. >>> text = str(code)
  87. >>> print(text)
  88. {{cleanup|date=July 2012}} '''Foo''' is a [[bar]]. {{bar-stub}}
  89. >>> text == code
  90. True
  91. Likewise, use ``unicode(code)`` in Python 2.
  92. Caveats
  93. -------
  94. An inherent limitation in wikicode prevents us from generating complete parse
  95. trees in certain cases. For example, the string ``{{echo|''Hello}}, world!''``
  96. produces the valid output ``<i>Hello, world!</i>`` in MediaWiki, assuming
  97. ``{{echo}}`` is a template that returns its first parameter. But since
  98. representing this in mwparserfromhell's node tree would be impossible, we
  99. compromise by treating the first node (i.e., the template) as plain text,
  100. parsing only the italics.
  101. The current workaround for cases where you are not interested in text
  102. formatting is to pass ``skip_style_tags=True`` to ``mwparserfromhell.parse()``.
  103. This treats ``''`` and ``'''`` like plain text.
  104. A future version of mwparserfromhell will include multiple parsing modes to get
  105. around this restriction.
  106. Integration
  107. -----------
  108. ``mwparserfromhell`` is used by and originally developed for EarwigBot_;
  109. ``Page`` objects have a ``parse`` method that essentially calls
  110. ``mwparserfromhell.parse()`` on ``page.get()``.
  111. If you're using Pywikibot_, your code might look like this::
  112. import mwparserfromhell
  113. import pywikibot
  114. def parse(title):
  115. site = pywikibot.Site()
  116. page = pywikibot.Page(site, title)
  117. text = page.get()
  118. return mwparserfromhell.parse(text)
  119. If you're not using a library, you can parse any page using the following
  120. Python 3 code (via the API_)::
  121. import json
  122. from urllib.parse import urlencode
  123. from urllib.request import urlopen
  124. import mwparserfromhell
  125. API_URL = "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php"
  126. def parse(title):
  127. data = {"action": "query", "prop": "revisions", "rvlimit": 1,
  128. "rvprop": "content", "format": "json", "titles": title}
  129. raw = urlopen(API_URL, urlencode(data).encode()).read()
  130. res = json.loads(raw)
  131. text = res["query"]["pages"].values()[0]["revisions"][0]["*"]
  132. return mwparserfromhell.parse(text)
  133. .. _MediaWiki: http://mediawiki.org
  134. .. _ReadTheDocs: http://mwparserfromhell.readthedocs.org
  135. .. _Earwig: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:The_Earwig
  136. .. _Σ: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:%CE%A3
  137. .. _Legoktm: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Legoktm
  138. .. _GitHub: https://github.com/earwig/mwparserfromhell
  139. .. _Python Package Index: http://pypi.python.org
  140. .. _get pip: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip
  141. .. _EarwigBot: https://github.com/earwig/earwigbot
  142. .. _Pywikibot: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Pywikibot
  143. .. _API: http://mediawiki.org/wiki/API