A Python parser for MediaWiki wikicode https://mwparserfromhell.readthedocs.io/
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mwparserfromhell
================

.. image:: https://travis-ci.org/earwig/mwparserfromhell.png?branch=develop
:alt: Build Status
:target: http://travis-ci.org/earwig/mwparserfromhell

**mwparserfromhell** (the *MediaWiki Parser from Hell*) is a Python package
that provides an easy-to-use and outrageously powerful parser for MediaWiki_
wikicode. It supports Python 2 and Python 3.

Developed by Earwig_ with help from `Σ`_. Full documentation is available on
ReadTheDocs_.

Installation
------------

The easiest way to install the parser is through the `Python Package Index`_,
so you can install the latest release with ``pip install mwparserfromhell``
(`get pip`_). Alternatively, get the latest development version::

git clone https://github.com/earwig/mwparserfromhell.git
cd mwparserfromhell
python setup.py install

If you get ``error: Unable to find vcvarsall.bat`` while installing, this is
because Windows can't find the compiler for C extensions. Consult this
`StackOverflow question`_ for help. You can also set ``ext_modules`` in
``setup.py`` to an empty list to prevent the extension from building.

You can run the comprehensive unit testing suite with
``python setup.py test -q``.

Usage
-----

Normal usage is rather straightforward (where ``text`` is page text)::

>>> import mwparserfromhell
>>> wikicode = mwparserfromhell.parse(text)

``wikicode`` is a ``mwparserfromhell.Wikicode`` object, which acts like an
ordinary ``unicode`` object (or ``str`` in Python 3) with some extra methods.
For example::

>>> text = "I has a template! {{foo|bar|baz|eggs=spam}} See it?"
>>> wikicode = mwparserfromhell.parse(text)
>>> print wikicode
I has a template! {{foo|bar|baz|eggs=spam}} See it?
>>> templates = wikicode.filter_templates()
>>> print templates
['{{foo|bar|baz|eggs=spam}}']
>>> template = templates[0]
>>> print template.name
foo
>>> print template.params
['bar', 'baz', 'eggs=spam']
>>> print template.get(1).value
bar
>>> print template.get("eggs").value
spam

Since nodes can contain other nodes, getting nested templates is trivial::

>>> text = "{{foo|{{bar}}={{baz|{{spam}}}}}}"
>>> mwparserfromhell.parse(text).filter_templates()
['{{foo|{{bar}}={{baz|{{spam}}}}}}', '{{bar}}', '{{baz|{{spam}}}}', '{{spam}}']

You can also pass ``recursive=False`` to ``filter_templates()`` and explore
templates manually. This is possible because nodes can contain additional
``Wikicode`` objects::

>>> code = mwparserfromhell.parse("{{foo|this {{includes a|template}}}}")
>>> print code.filter_templates(recursive=False)
['{{foo|this {{includes a|template}}}}']
>>> foo = code.filter_templates(recursive=False)[0]
>>> print foo.get(1).value
this {{includes a|template}}
>>> print foo.get(1).value.filter_templates()[0]
{{includes a|template}}
>>> print foo.get(1).value.filter_templates()[0].get(1).value
template

Templates can be easily modified to add, remove, or alter params. ``Wikicode``
objects can be treated like lists, with ``append()``, ``insert()``,
``remove()``, ``replace()``, and more. They also have a ``matches()`` method
for comparing page or template names, which takes care of capitalization and
whitespace::

>>> text = "{{cleanup}} '''Foo''' is a [[bar]]. {{uncategorized}}"
>>> code = mwparserfromhell.parse(text)
>>> for template in code.filter_templates():
... if template.name.matches("Cleanup") and not template.has("date"):
... template.add("date", "July 2012")
...
>>> print code
{{cleanup|date=July 2012}} '''Foo''' is a [[bar]]. {{uncategorized}}
>>> code.replace("{{uncategorized}}", "{{bar-stub}}")
>>> print code
{{cleanup|date=July 2012}} '''Foo''' is a [[bar]]. {{bar-stub}}
>>> print code.filter_templates()
['{{cleanup|date=July 2012}}', '{{bar-stub}}']

You can then convert ``code`` back into a regular ``unicode`` object (for
saving the page!) by calling ``unicode()`` on it::

>>> text = unicode(code)
>>> print text
{{cleanup|date=July 2012}} '''Foo''' is a [[bar]]. {{bar-stub}}
>>> text == code
True

Likewise, use ``str(code)`` in Python 3.

Integration
-----------

``mwparserfromhell`` is used by and originally developed for EarwigBot_;
``Page`` objects have a ``parse`` method that essentially calls
``mwparserfromhell.parse()`` on ``page.get()``.

If you're using Pywikipedia_, your code might look like this::

import mwparserfromhell
import wikipedia as pywikibot
def parse(title):
site = pywikibot.getSite()
page = pywikibot.Page(site, title)
text = page.get()
return mwparserfromhell.parse(text)

If you're not using a library, you can parse templates in any page using the
following code (via the API_)::

import json
import urllib
import mwparserfromhell
API_URL = "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php"
def parse(title):
data = {"action": "query", "prop": "revisions", "rvlimit": 1,
"rvprop": "content", "format": "json", "titles": title}
raw = urllib.urlopen(API_URL, urllib.urlencode(data)).read()
res = json.loads(raw)
text = res["query"]["pages"].values()[0]["revisions"][0]["*"]
return mwparserfromhell.parse(text)

.. _MediaWiki: http://mediawiki.org
.. _ReadTheDocs: http://mwparserfromhell.readthedocs.org
.. _Earwig: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:The_Earwig
.. _Σ: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:%CE%A3
.. _Python Package Index: http://pypi.python.org
.. _StackOverflow question: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2817869/error-unable-to-find-vcvarsall-bat
.. _get pip: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip
.. _EarwigBot: https://github.com/earwig/earwigbot
.. _Pywikipedia: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Pywikipediabot
.. _API: http://mediawiki.org/wiki/API